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The model for UHC in Australia is simple, for a start the govt pays a doctor a flat fee to see a patient for a normal consultation. So for example if they used this in the U.S. it would work like this, Doctors A & B both charge $100.00 to see a patient, the govt would give a doctor $75.00 and the they could collect the rest from the patient. But Doctor A thinks why not just charge $75.00 and get all the patients, the govt automatically sends me the money because it's all computerized. Doctor B has less patients now, so he drops his price to $75.00. So they are doing what is called "bulk billing". Need to see an ENT, Cardiologist etc, your GP gives you a referral so the govt gives them a higher amount per patient.
People don't need insurance to see the doctor anymore, people go when they feel ill and don't wait till the last minute when it's too late. They have annual checkups, which is preventative medicine. Doctors see plenty of patients and have less accounting fees.
People pay a levy of a percentage of taxable income, so the more you earn the more you pay. And below an amount you don't pay at all.
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